What feature distinguishes programmatic music?

The distinguishing feature of programmatic music is that it conveys a specific narrative or story. This means that the music is composed to evoke imagery or tell a tale, often linked to a particular event, scene, or concept. Composers use elements like melody, harmony, and rhythm to convey emotions and ideas, guiding the listener through the narrative they wish to project.

In contrast, other options do not accurately define programmatic music. While it can indeed be played with or without instruments, the essence of programmatic music lies in its narrative quality. Furthermore, it is not limited to symphonic orchestras; programmatic pieces can be found across a range of musical styles and ensembles. Lastly, programmatic music is not characterized by the exclusion of emotional themes; on the contrary, it often explores complex emotions as part of its storytelling.