What does notation represent in music?

Notation in music serves as a system for representing musical sounds through symbols, enabling musicians to read, interpret, and perform compositions. It encapsulates essential elements, including pitches (which dictate the notes played), rhythms (which indicate the timing and duration of those notes), and dynamics (which denote the volume and intensity of the music).

This concept is crucial because it provides a universal language that transcends cultural and geographical boundaries, allowing musicians to share their works and collaborate effectively. While emotional expression, documentation of performances, and types of instruments have their significance in music, they do not encompass the specific role that notation plays in capturing the fundamental components of a musical piece. Notation is fundamentally about the representation of these elements, making it the most accurate choice in the context of the question.